Salisbury Cathedral - West Facade
13th century
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Continued
from first page on the cathedral |
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Larger
detailed view of the facade
Click to enlarge |
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Pevsner
gives a very extensive critique of the west front.
This is only a partial quote.
The facade of Salisbury Cathedral is a headache.
There is too much in it that is perversely unbeautiful. There are also far too
many motifs, and they are distributed without a comprehensible system. The
facade is of the screen type, i.e. wider than the nave and aisles ... and it has
no tower or towers. Instead there are two square turrets, hardly more than
over-broad buttresses at the angles, and they carry a spirelet each, hardly more
than a pinnacle, each accompanied by four corner pinnacles. In the middle is a
gable, but this has the nave width only and thus looks somewhat stunted. .. That
the sculpture all over the facade is of the 1862 restoration (by Redfern)
does not help either. Indeed only six figures are old ...
See below for extracts of Pevsner's detailed critique. He concludes:
After so much has been said against the Salisbury
facade two redeeming features deserve to be noted. There is one major motif
which ties the discrepant parts of the front together. If one draws a triangle
connecting the top of the great W window with the tops of the aisle W windows,
the two lines will be parallel to those of the top gable. And secondly, ... the crossing tower and
spire, seen from a distance, do not call for any greater emphasis on the W front
than the spirelets of the turrets and the middle gable provide. Anything more
prominent would compete, to the detriment of what must after all be considered
the crowning glory of Salisbury. |
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Details
of the West Facade |
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![P1050866-transf-crop-u2-h550-u0.5t5-q30.jpg (72181 bytes)](P1050866-transf-crop-u2-h550-u0.5t5-q30_small.jpg) |
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The great W window is the
centre of the facade, a group of three stepped
lancets, triple-shafted, the shafts with two shaft rings.
To the l. and r. rise once more the ununderstandable fragmentary arches ... (and
below these) statues under their canopies , two l., two r., one on top of
the other. They have so little space that the canopies cannot stand on
shafts. ... Much dog-tooth.
This window dwarfs all the
rest and especially the triple porch below (clear in
top picture), a French motif with its
three gables, but ridiculously insignificant, as the three together
represent the nave, not the nave and the aisles. ...The side parts have
no doors, just blank arcading. ... The latter being left blank proves of
course that the designer used the French scheme of the three portal gables
expressing nave and aisles without an inkling of its meaning. ...
The real aisle fronts also have three gables
each, but they are narrower and lower. Portal with cinquecusped
arch. |
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Detail in portal recess and side
recess. In the tympanum three C19 figures beneath pointed-trefoiled
arches with gablets over.
In the
middle, above the porches a gallery of saints under trefoil-headed
canopies. |
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![P1050876-transf-u2-h550-u0.5t5-q60.jpg (86983 bytes)](P1050876-transf-u2-h550-u0.5t5-q60_small.jpg) |
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In addition, the square angle turrets which project beyond the
aisles, and also the buttresses between nave and aisles, have two tiers of
statues at this level, flanked by shafts which carry pointed-trefoiled,
gables canopies. These canopies, a new and most unfortunate motif, break
round the corners. In outline they look bitten out. Also ... the
buttresses project further than the turrets, and to even that out, the
turrets in their inner quarter send out their own buttress to range with
the other buttresses. That the niches and gables of the buttress part are
cut off by the meeting of the turret part will by now hardly
surprise. It applies to the other buttresses as well.
Above this level the great W
window in the centre. In the aisle parts this tier of the elevation is
much less high, just two pairs
of lancets with the indispensable quatrefoiled circles. Dog-tooth in the
arches. ... |
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The
aisles then come out with a broad band of quatrefoiled lozenges with
trefoils in the spandrels. This motif is repeated, higher up, in the
centre, above the great W window and moreover cut into by the raised
middle lancet of the window. At this level, in the aisles and turrets are
more pairs of lancets with the quatrefoiled circles. Shafts with
stiff-leaf capitals. Finally aisles and turrets end with the panelled
parapet familiar from the E part of the cathedral and battlements over,
and the centre ends in a steep gable. Here once again two pairs of lancets with
quatrefoiled circles. Above the circles a lozenge with a vesica inside (oval
with pointed head and foot). In this a Victorian Christ in
Majesty and above the vesica, again rather squeezed in, a bird in profile,
probably a Pelican. ... |
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As the turrets project beyond
the the aisles they have a visible E side, an awkward fact which spoils
the view along the nave and aisles. There is, for example, a supporting
wall with a sloping-up top as a kind of prop with rising blank arches. The
repetition of the clerestory triplets on the E side of the screen wall,
i.e. where the facade itself pretends to have upper aisle windows, on the
other hand, is a happy solution.
Enlargements of north turret and
of south turret.
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Return to first
page or go to Interior |
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