Swaton,
Lincolnshire - St Michael Church
13th century
Click on photos to enlarge
Notes in italics from Lincolnshire by Nikolaus Pevsner,
John Harris, Nicholas Antram (2002)
Yale University Press, New Haven and
London |
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West |
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East |
Tower |
Chancel,
north side |
Chancel,
east window |
South side,
nave & transept |
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In
counties less rich in ecclesiastical architecture Swaton would be
outstanding. It is a stately cruciform church, ashlar-faced except for the
rubble-stone chancel and the lower parts of the tower. ... Externally the
story is as follows. E.E. (Early English - early C13)
crossing tower with twin bell-openings having an almond-shape in plate
tracery. The tower was heightened later, but never received a spire. The
chancel is very patently E.E. Separate lancet windows. Hoodmoulds on heads
or stiff-leaf. To the E no more than a two-light window. This has bar
tracery, a foiled circle, i.e. is later than the crossing tower. But the
shafts still have stiff-leaf capitals. Dec (Decorated)
nave and aisles with reticulated tracery, very consistent. The aisles are
embattled. ... The S transept was altered in the early C18.
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Interior.
The nave and the aisles are the most impressive part of the church ...
Three bays, but as high and as wide as if they belonged to a cathedral.
Quatrefoil piers with the foils more than semicircular and small hollows
in the diagonals.
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The
earliest evidence is a fragment of chevron moulding at the E end of the N
arcade (i.e. Norman). ... The E wall has
shafts with rings to the windows. Pretty details. ... The crossing towers
ought to be E.E. (see the tower outside) but were redone Dec. Shafts with
fillets, polygonal abaci, double-chamfered arches. ...
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Painting. Remains of
a wheel (of fortune?) on the S aisle E wall. It probably extended on
plasterwork above and below and only remains on some stonework in the
wall. This stonework appears to have been a temporary flying buttress
supporting the Early English tower when the surrounding structure was
rebuilt in the 14th century.
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Font. Octagonal,
with diapering all over. Ball-flower on the underside, i.e. Dec too.
Dec piscina in (north)
transept. ...
Sedilia |
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Monument.
Late C13 effigy of a lady and a sleeping dog (N aisle W).
A notice by the effigy dates this rather earlier, identifying it as
Nicholaa, daughter of Richard de la Haye and wife of Gerald de Camville.
She died in 1230. After her husband's death in 1214, she continued as
Constable of Lincoln Castle.
It would be useful to know the evidence for this
identification. Pevsner doesn't explain his dating either, but it appears
to be corroborated by a table on costume and pose in "An
Account of Mediaeval Figure-Sculpture in England" by E. S. Prior and
Arthur Gardner (1912). According to this, for instance, the tight sleeves
buttoning to the wrist came in around 1300.
The head resting on a double cushion also came in around 1300; until then
it had been a single cushion. Similarly, the feet resting on a dog came in
about 1300, prior to which it had been a lion. On the other hand, a date
much later than 1300 would be ruled out since the
curl-tufts on either side of the forehead in the effigy continued up to
about 1300, after which the hair became long and braided. Similarly the
hands holding the cord was used up to about 1300.
On
this basis, therefore, around 1300 seems very likely. It would be nice to
know the evidence for the identification with Nicholaa and hence the
earlier date of about 1230.
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Map |
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